Nadia Rezaei; Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari; Nader Tanideh; Mral Mokhtari; Zahra Bagheri
Volume 20, Issue 4 , 2018, Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background: Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes increased lipid peroxidation, decreased intestinal epithe- lial barrier integrity, and ultimately mucosal disruption and ulceration. Several studies have confirmed the antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of ...
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Background: Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes increased lipid peroxidation, decreased intestinal epithe- lial barrier integrity, and ultimately mucosal disruption and ulceration. Several studies have confirmed the antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of Spirulina Platensis (SP), edible blue - green algae, in various inflammatory dis- eases. In addition, natural honey, a source of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, is a powerful antioxidant, which can help prevent chronic oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation.Objectives: In this study, we examined and compared the protective effects of SP and honey on ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid (AA) in rats. Methods: Forty male rats were allocated into five groups (N = 8) and received pretreatment for 32 consecutive days. The admin- istrations were as follows: group 1 (control) and group 2 (AA-colitis group): normal saline, group 3: 1 ml honey/day, group 4: 1 ml honey/day plus 1 g/kg SP, and group 5: 1 g/kg SP. Colitis was induced on the 30th day in groups 2 to 5. On day 32, the clinical ac- tivity score was determined and anesthetized animals were sacrificed. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and colonic weight/length ratio were determined. In addition, histopathological changes of the colon were observed microscopically. Results: The inflammatory markers (PGE2, MDA, NO, IL-6, IL-1β, MPO, and TNF-α) were significantly lower in the pretreatment groups than in the AA-colitis group (P values < 0.05). PGE2 [median (IQR)] of the honey, SP + honey, and SP groups was [0.76 (0.33)], [0.75 (0.40)], and [0.87 (0.86)], respectively, compared to the AA-colitis group [2.60 (2.23)] (P values < 0.041). MDA values were [6.52 (3.57)],[6.09 (3.59)], and [5.85 (4.92)] vs. [16.60 (12.03)] (P values < 0.046) and IL-1β values were [42.20 (8.2)], [41.76 (18.10)], and [42.93 (14.09)] vs. [79.54 (40.79)] (P values < 0.044). Also, SOD, GSH, GPx, and TAC [median (IQR)] were significantly higher in the pretreatment groups than in the AA- colitis group (P values < 0.05). For example, TAC values of the honey, SP + honey, and SP groups were [0.164 (0.08)], [0.14 (0.05)], and [0.16 (0.10)], respectively, vs. the AA-colitis group [0.08 (0.01)] (P values < 0.028). Conclusions: Honey and SP are favorable foods in preventing oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis.
Mohammad Hossein Sharif; Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari; Mohammad Ali Ostovan; Abbas Rezaianazadeh
Volume 19, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background: Following Myocardial Infarction (MI) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the modification of cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation can improve MI progression and PCI outcomes. Up to now, no certain conclusions have been drawn regarding the effect of therapeutic lifestyle ...
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Background: Following Myocardial Infarction (MI) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the modification of cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation can improve MI progression and PCI outcomes. Up to now, no certain conclusions have been drawn regarding the effect of therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet and a combination of Q10 plus L-carnitine (LC) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers of In-Stent Restenosis (ISR), lipid profile, and Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TLC diet and Q10 plus LC supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers of ISR, lipid profile, and LVEF following MI and PCI.Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 128 subjects. After randomization for treatment allocation, the subjects were divided into the study groups through block randomization. The MI patients were admitted to 2 hospitals, namely Al-Zahra and Kowsar (Shiraz, Iran), between April 2015 and May 2016. The patients were divided into 4 groups receiving TLC diet (A), oral Q10 150 mg/d and LC 1200 mg/d (B), a combination of LC plus Q10 and TLC diet (C), and the routine care (D). This study evaluated Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as inflammatory biomarkers of ISR, lipid profile, and LVEF in 128 patients with MI undergoing PCI before and 3 months after the intervention.Results: The results showed a significant decrease in hs-CRP in groups B (11.8 ± 4.3 to 2.0 ± 1 mg/L) and C (11.7±3.9 to 1.3±1.1 mg/L) (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively), but not in group A. Also, a significant reduction was found in IL-6 in groups A (38.0±15 to 9.4 ±2 pg/mL), B (34.6±12 to 5.1±2.4 pg/mL), and C (33.7±12 to 4.8±2.1 pg/mL) (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). Additionally, LDL and total cholesterol, but not TG, levels significantly decreased in groups A (150 ± 17 to 80 ± 13 mg/dL), B (148 ± 15 to 77.2 ± 14 mg/dL), and C (142 ± 11 to 64.8 ± 10 mg/dL) (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). Nevertheless, only group C showed a significant improvement in LVEF (45.1 ± 8 to 53.6 ± 8) (P < 0.027).Conclusions: An adjuvant therapy with TLC diet and supplementation with Q10 and LC seems to be required for secondary prevention following MI and PCI. TLC diet and Q10 plus LC appeared to be effective in inflammatory biomarkers of ISR as well as LDL reduction.
